The wind energy industry remains one of the fastest growing in the U.S. It has not only increased capacity but provided consumers and utilities with clean energy while creating additional economic benefits, such as tax revenue, career opportunities and direct payments to landowners who host turbines.

However, with that growth has come questions and concerns, leaving local officials trying to decide the best approach to regulating development.

The most common solution is zoning, in particular setbacks, which plays an important role in setting clear standards for developers and protecting the...